1. Xiamen Innovax Biotech Co., Ltd. Package Insert of Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 9-Valent (Types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58) Vaccine (Escherichia coli) [Cecolin 9]. Approved 27 May 2025.
2. World Health Organization. Human papillomavirus and cancer. Fact sheet. 5 March 2024. Accessed 12 June 2026.
3. National Cancer Institute. HPV and Cancer. Updated 2025. Accessed 12 June 2026.
4. World Health Organization. Cervical cancer. Fact sheet. Accessed 12 June 2026.
5. World Health Organization. Cervical Cancer Elimination Initiative. Accessed 12 June 2026.
6. World Health Organization. Human papillomavirus vaccines: WHO position paper, December 2022. Weekly Epidemiological Record. 2022;97(50):645-672.
7. Pan HX, Bi ZF, Jing YL, et al. Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of an Escherichia coli-produced nine-valent human papillomavirus vaccine: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2026. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(26)00221-5.
8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HPV Vaccine Recommendations. Accessed 12 June 2026.
9. World Health Organization Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety. Human papillomavirus vaccines and infertility. Accessed 12 June 2026.