1. Xiamen Innovax Biotech Co., Ltd. Package Insert of Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 9-Valent (Types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58) Vaccine (Escherichia coli) [Cecolin 9]. Approved 27 May 2025.
2. World Health Organization Prequalification of Medical Products. Cecolin (Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Bivalent [Types 16, 18] Vaccine [Escherichia coli]) product information / WHO prequalification listing. Accessed 12 June 2026.
3. Pan HX, Bi ZF, Jing YL, et al. Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of an Escherichia coli-produced nine-valent human papillomavirus vaccine: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2026. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(26)00221-5.
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1. Xiamen Innovax Biotech Co., Ltd. Package Insert of Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 9-Valent (Types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58) Vaccine (Escherichia coli) [Cecolin 9]. Approved 27 May 2025.
7. Zhu FC, Zhong GH, Huang WJ, et al. Head-to-head immunogenicity comparison of an Escherichia coli-produced 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine and Gardasil 9 in women aged 18–26 years in China: a randomised, blinded clinical trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2023; 23:1313–1322. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00275-X.
8. Jing YL, Hu XW, Zhang L, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of an Escherichia coli-produced 9-valent HPV vaccine in adolescents aged 9 to 17 compared with young women. Sci Bull (Beijing). 2026; 71:1632–1635.
9. Zhao FH, Wu T, Hu YM, et al. Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of an Escherichia coli-produced Human Papillomavirus (16 and 18) L1 virus-like-particle vaccine: end-of-study analysis of a phase 3, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022; 22:1756–1768. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00435-2.
1. Xiamen Innovax Biotech Co., Ltd. Package Insert of Recombinant Human Papillomavirus 9-Valent (Types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58) Vaccine (Escherichia coli) [Cecolin 9]. Approved 27 May 2025.
2. World Health Organization Prequalification of Medical Products. Cecolin (Recombinant Human Papillomavirus Bivalent [Types 16, 18] Vaccine [Escherichia coli]) product information / WHO prequalification listing. Accessed 12 June 2026.
3. Pan HX, Bi ZF, Jing YL, et al. Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of an Escherichia coli-produced nine-valent human papillomavirus vaccine: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2026. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(26)00221-5.
7. Zhu FC, Zhong GH, Huang WJ, et al. Head-to-head immunogenicity comparison of an Escherichia coli-produced 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine and Gardasil 9 in women aged 18–26 years in China: a randomised, blinded clinical trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2023; 23:1313–1322. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00275-X.
8. Jing YL, Hu XW, Zhang L, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of an Escherichia coli-produced 9-valent HPV vaccine in adolescents aged 9 to 17 compared with young women. Sci Bull (Beijing). 2026; 71:1632–1635.
10. World Health Organization. Table 3: Recommendations for interrupted or delayed routine immunization. WHO routine immunization guidance. Accessed 12 June 2026.
11.World Health Organization. Human papillomavirus vaccines: WHO position paper, December 2022. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2022;97(50):645-672.
12. World Health Organization Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety. Human papillomavirus vaccines and infertility. Accessed 12 June 2026.
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